The Stratum Granulosum & the Stratum Lucidum
SOFTPLAN 13 TURN OFF LAYERS SKIN
These cells attach themselves to antigens that invade damaged skin and alert the immune system to their presence. The squamous cell layer also contains cells called Langerhans cells. The squamous cell layer is the thickest layer of the epidermis, and is involved in the transfer of certain substances in and out of the body. Keratinocytes produce keratin, a tough, protective protein that makes up the majority of the structure of the skin, hair, and nails. Within this layer are the basal cells that have been pushed upward, however these maturing cells are now called squamous cells, or keratinocytes. The squamous cell layer is located above the basal layer, and is also known as the stratum spinosum or "spiny layer" due to the fact that the cells are held together with spiny projections. Merkel cells, which are tactile cells of neuroectodermal origin, are also located in the basal layer of the epidermis. Melanoma develops when melanocytes undergo malignant transformation. Patches of melanin in the skin cause birthmarks, freckles and age spots. Sun exposure causes melanocytes to increase production of melanin in order to protect the skin from damaging ultraviolet rays, producing a suntan. Melanocytes produce the skin coloring or pigment known as melanin, which gives skin its tan or brown color and helps protect the deeper layers of the skin from the harmful effects of the sun.
The basal cell layer contains cells called melanocytes. The basal cell layer is also known as the stratum germinativum due to the fact that it is constantly germinating (producing) new cells. The basal cells continually divide, and new cells constantly push older ones up toward the surface of the skin, where they are eventually shed. The basal layer is the innermost layer of the epidermis, and contains small round cells called basal cells. The epidermis layer itself is made up of five sublayers that work together to continually rebuild the surface of the skin: The Basal Cell Layer
The epidermis contains the melanocytes (the cells in which melanoma develops), the Langerhans' cells ( involved in the immune system in the skin), Merkel cells and sensory nerves. 05 mm thick on the eyelids, and is 1.5 mm thick on the palms and the soles of the feet.
The thickness of the epidermis varies in different types of skin it is only. The epidermis is the outermost layer of the skin, and protects the body from the environment. Acknowledgements Layers of the Skin The Epidermis
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